The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity

1. Phylogency and The Tree of Life
2. An Overview of Animal Diversity
3. An Introduction to invertebrates
4. The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

1. Animal evolution and diversity (18.1-18.4)

   • Animal body plans can be used to build a phylogenetic tree.

2. Invertebrate Diversity (18.5-18.14)
• Learning about animals without backbone.
3. Animal Phylogeny and Diversity Revisited (18.15-18.16)
• Scientists are using molecular data to revise the phylogenetic tree for animals.

Chapter 19

1. Vertebrate Evolution and Diversity (19.1-19.8)

• The major clades of chordates are distinguished by traits such as hinged jaws, two pairs of limbs, fluid-filled eggs with shells, and milk.